can 1 give the answer 2 dis queston!!!!

[darknight_007]

1) describe hw antibiotics may be manufactured on a large scale? [7] (M/J/06)

full asnwer to dis queston some1!!!

 

[darknight_007]

dis queton too!!!
2) ) describe the played by artifical selection in the production of a named economically important plant or animal. [6] (O/N/06)

 

[Zishi]

Q-1) Fermenter is washed and sterilised culture medium is added into it. And then under strict a-septic conditions penicillium is added. Penicllium will use the nutrients and grow, so mass of hyphae will increase. The penicillium is a secondary metabolite which is only produced in infavoravle conditions and not during, normal optimum growth, so duringg 1st phase, there will be very less penicillin production, but rapid growth of fungul hyphae will result in production of toxic material, and toxic material being poured into culture medium, so there's a hindrance in growth of fungus. This is a time when most penicillin is produced. After sometime the toxic material gets accumulated in high concentration and most of the fungi starts to die, then process is stopped. Penicllin is isolated by crystallisation. Everything else is thrown away. Fermenter is washed and used again.