May/June2021. Pakistan Studies, Islamiyat,Urdu B.

[mahnoo]

Hi everyone, I am appearing for my cies in less than a month. Super tensed and nervous. If you're someone who has done their o2 and passed with good grades. Could u pls be kind enough to help me and several other who are appearing in may and june. Would really appreciate it. So drop down paper attemption, tips and imp topics

 

[mahnoo]

‘Constitutional reforms were the most important of Ayub Khan’s domestic policies during the ‘Decade of Progress’ between 1958 and 1969.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
[14] (June 2012)
Q1BD) Ayub Khan introduced the Basic Democracies in 1959 which was a four-tier system that allowed elections at all levels. A local committee named Basic Democrats and numbering 80,000 was to elect union council member who in turn elected district and divisional members. The success of this was that it lifted martial law as the constitution of 1962 was based on the Basic Democracies. All important national decisions power lay with the President and there was no opportunity for any effective opposition. By 1969, Ayub Khan had become unpopular and many of his cherished Basic Democrats resigned .When Ayub Khan declared martial law in 1969 he himself abrogated the Basic Democracies.
Ayub Khan’s other domestic reforms included agricultural reforms. Land was redisturbuted amongst famers. A limit of unirragated land 12.5 acres and 100 acres maximum and irrigated land 500 acres minimum and 100 acres unirrigated was set on farm land. This enabled small farm holders to receive more land and large landowners were forced to sell land which would otherwise be unproductive. Three new dams were also build, farmers were loaned money for wells reducing the need for tubewells and so crop yields were at an all time record. Therefore, this era is also known as the ‘Green Revolution’.He also subsidized fertilizers and mordenized agriculture through irrigation development.
His social reforms included the introduction of a family planning programme and a Rehabilitation Programme which settled 75,000 refugees into dwellings in Karachi. Medical facilities were improved and new medical schools were opened. Factory owners were also ordained to give cheap accommodation to factory works. Ayub Khan stopped the hoarding of goods to raise price and also took action action against smuggling. Goods were seized from profiteers and many arrests made. Also, the price of milk vegetables and ghee to stop traders making too much profit. In 1961, the Muslim Family Laws Ordiance helped improve the position of women. Marriages and divorces had to be registered and approved by a court.The minimum age for marriage was set as 16 for women and 18 for men.
Ayub Khan’s constitutional reforms were soon to attract opposition as they gave the president autocratic powers.The elections were accused of vote rigging and Ayub Khan himself abrogated the Basic Democracies. Agricultural reforms only benefitted rich farmers and the landowners cleverly undermined his land consolidation policy. However, his social reforms were the most successful putting ,although temporary, an end to the corrupt practices that were embedded in Pakistan’s society.

is this answer right. Are there any improvement needed. plsss helppp