pak-studies , please answer AS SOON AS POSSIBLE

[MIMI16]

Was the Two Nation Theory the most important contribution of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan? Explain your answer.14 marks
can somebody please send detailed answer not from past paper .

 

[olevel_prep]

Sir Syed was a great reformer. His views about the possibility of the parting of ways
of Hindus and Muslims became known as the Two Nation Theory'. In 1867, he was shocked
over the Hindu demand of making Hindi as the official language of India. Being a far-sighted
leader, he opposed it as he could sense the Hindu aims about the future political scenario of
India. Urdu, written in Persian/Arabic script reflected the past Muslim rule over India. Hindi,
with the Devanagri script, on the other hand, represented the Hindu plans of ruling India. He
also opposed two more demands of INC in the 1880's: competitive examinations for the civil
services and the joint electorate for the elections of the legislative councils. He knew that
Muslims, being less educated and politically less organized, would not be able to compete
with the Hindus in the examinations and elections. He, therefore, advocated a system of
separate electorates for Muslims and a fixed quota for Muslims in the competitive
examinations. Sir Syed initially wanted cooperation between Hindus and Muslims but his
views soon changed when he realized the INC only claimed to represent all Indian
communities whereas in reality it worked mainly for the Hindu interests. In order to protect
the political rights of the Muslims he founded the United Patriotic Alliance which was renamed
as the Muhammadan Defence Alliance in 1893.
Sir Syed also tried to create awareness among Muslims by convincing them to accept the
British as the new rulers of India and so, it was wise to make friends with them. He highlighted
the similarities between Islam and Christianity by writing "Taba’yeen-al-Kalam". In another
book he proved that it was not un-lslamic to dine with the Christians. He wrote a book in
response to Sir William Muir's book "Life of Muhammad" that contained some objectionable
remarks about the Holy Prophet.
While convincing Muslims Sir Syed worked to convince British about changing their
stance regarding Muslims. He wrote two pamphlets shortly after the War of
Independence. In "Essays on the Causes of Indian Revolt" he proved that Indians
alone were not responsible for the Revolt but British too were to blame for their failure
to understand the Indian mindset. In "Loyal Muhammadans of India" he defended
Muslims and proved that they were as loyal to the British as any other community in
India. He also explained the word "Nadarath" by proving it was an Anglicised form of
the Arabic word "Nasara" (Christians) that was derived from the root word "Nasr"
(Help) and thus proved that Muslims did not use the word in a derogatory way.
Sir Syed's educational work was also very important. He wanted to improve social
condition of Muslims and to create political awareness among them. For this Muslims
needed to acquire modern British education. He set up a series of institutes, issued
magazines and wrote books. In 1859 he opened a school in Mura da bad, another
school in Ghazipore in 1864 where he had founded the Ghazipore Scientific Society
in 1863. In it modern scientific writings of the West were translated into Persian and
Urdu. In 1866, he issued the Aligarh Institute Gazette from Aligarh to encourage
Muslims to acquire modern education. He visited England in 1869 and decided to set
up an institute for Muslims after observing the Cambridge and Oxford Universities. In
1875, he set up the MAO College, Aligarh where both western and local educations
were imparted. This institute produced many prominent leaders like Liaqat Ali Khan
and several workers of the Pakistan Movement. In 1886, Muhammadan Educational
Conference was established in order to launch a campaign for raising educational
standard of Muslims. It held regular meetings in several cities. Articles for the purpose
were published in the journal /Tahzeeb-ul-Akhlaq/.
If viewed objectively, it may be concluded that Sir Syed's Two Nation Theory was his
most important service as it laid the basis of Muslim nationalism that eventually
evolved into the Pakistan Movement in the 1940's. ML launched this movement on
the ground of inherent differences between Hindus and Muslims that had been
predicted by Sir Syed.
from sir iftihkar note

 

[olevel_prep]

i think there is some extra info in it

 

[MIMI16]

Sir Syed was a great reformer. His views about the possibility of the parting of ways
of Hindus and Muslims became known as the Two Nation Theory'. In 1867, he was shocked
over the Hindu demand of making Hindi as the official language of India. Being a far-sighted
leader, he opposed it as he could sense the Hindu aims about the future political scenario of
India. Urdu, written in Persian/Arabic script reflected the past Muslim rule over India. Hindi,
with the Devanagri script, on the other hand, represented the Hindu plans of ruling India. He
also opposed two more demands of INC in the 1880's: competitive examinations for the civil
services and the joint electorate for the elections of the legislative councils. He knew that
Muslims, being less educated and politically less organized, would not be able to compete
with the Hindus in the examinations and elections. He, therefore, advocated a system of
separate electorates for Muslims and a fixed quota for Muslims in the competitive
examinations. Sir Syed initially wanted cooperation between Hindus and Muslims but his
views soon changed when he realized the INC only claimed to represent all Indian
communities whereas in reality it worked mainly for the Hindu interests. In order to protect
the political rights of the Muslims he founded the United Patriotic Alliance which was renamed
as the Muhammadan Defence Alliance in 1893.
Sir Syed also tried to create awareness among Muslims by convincing them to accept the
British as the new rulers of India and so, it was wise to make friends with them. He highlighted
the similarities between Islam and Christianity by writing "Taba’yeen-al-Kalam". In another
book he proved that it was not un-lslamic to dine with the Christians. He wrote a book in
response to Sir William Muir's book "Life of Muhammad" that contained some objectionable
remarks about the Holy Prophet.
While convincing Muslims Sir Syed worked to convince British about changing their
stance regarding Muslims. He wrote two pamphlets shortly after the War of
Independence. In "Essays on the Causes of Indian Revolt" he proved that Indians
alone were not responsible for the Revolt but British too were to blame for their failure
to understand the Indian mindset. In "Loyal Muhammadans of India" he defended
Muslims and proved that they were as loyal to the British as any other community in
India. He also explained the word "Nadarath" by proving it was an Anglicised form of
the Arabic word "Nasara" (Christians) that was derived from the root word "Nasr"
(Help) and thus proved that Muslims did not use the word in a derogatory way.
Sir Syed's educational work was also very important. He wanted to improve social
condition of Muslims and to create political awareness among them. For this Muslims
needed to acquire modern British education. He set up a series of institutes, issued
magazines and wrote books. In 1859 he opened a school in Mura da bad, another
school in Ghazipore in 1864 where he had founded the Ghazipore Scientific Society
in 1863. In it modern scientific writings of the West were translated into Persian and
Urdu. In 1866, he issued the Aligarh Institute Gazette from Aligarh to encourage
Muslims to acquire modern education. He visited England in 1869 and decided to set
up an institute for Muslims after observing the Cambridge and Oxford Universities. In
1875, he set up the MAO College, Aligarh where both western and local educations
were imparted. This institute produced many prominent leaders like Liaqat Ali Khan
and several workers of the Pakistan Movement. In 1886, Muhammadan Educational
Conference was established in order to launch a campaign for raising educational
standard of Muslims. It held regular meetings in several cities. Articles for the purpose
were published in the journal /Tahzeeb-ul-Akhlaq/.
If viewed objectively, it may be concluded that Sir Syed's Two Nation Theory was his
most important service as it laid the basis of Muslim nationalism that eventually
evolved into the Pakistan Movement in the 1940's. ML launched this movement on
the ground of inherent differences between Hindus and Muslims that had been
predicted by Sir Syed.
from sir iftihkar note

thank you so much

 

[MIMI16]

i think there is some extra info in it

okay