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Physics, Chemistry and Biology: Post your doubts here!

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Gradient = y-step/x-step
The y-step is the difference in y-co-ordinates in two points and the x-step is the difference in those co-ordinates of those points.
For example, if we had a line with points (2,3) and (8, 12)
The y-step is 12-3=9
The x-step is 8-2=6
So the gradient is 9/6 = 1.5
So for your question, select two points on the line you drew, find the y-step and x-step and find gradient
It's important for you to draw a triangle between those two points, like this:
Graph.jpg
(note: I made this on photoshop so it's not accurate, but you understand hopefully ;) It's important to show the triangle thing in red, because you often get marks for it ["Show clearly on the graph how you got this answer"])
 
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can someone clearly tell me the range in air the beta and alpha particles have?
This actually depends on the energy of the alpha/beta particle, but we don't need to know that
All we need to know is:
a) Alpha particles get stopped by 5cm of air or a paper
b) Beta particles get stopped by few mm of aluminium
c) Gamma rays only stopped by i think at least 5cm of lead.
http://www.xtremepapers.com/papers/CIE/Cambridge IGCSE/Physics (0625)/0625_w05_qp_3.pdf
number 2 b) and c)

Edit: and can anyone draw me the diagram of 11 a) please?

2a)
Condition 1: All upward forces are equal to downward forces (i.e. no net force)
Condition 2: Sum of anticlockwise moments are equal to sum of clockwise moments.
b)Since it's in equilibrium anticlockwise moments = clockwise moments
so 6x40=Fx30 - where F is the force we want to find
F = 8N
11)
I'm not sure about placement of GM tube.
Untitled-1.jpg
 
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capacitors are used in time delay circuits. But "higher the resistance greater is the delay". Greater resistance of what? the capacitor?
 
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