Physics, Chemistry and Biology: Post your doubts here!

A

Awesome12

Messages
2,188
Reaction score
5,559
Points
523
princess sofia said:
how are fungi , viruses and bacteria adapted to their envoirnment ?
sme1 plz ans cnt find it in book :sick:
Click to expand...
Viruses can rapidly multiply and are only destroyed by the immune system of a body
Bacteria have a tail (flagellum) to aid in swimming. They rapidly reproduce, colonizing other areas. They can feed on decaying matter. Have a cell wall to protect themselves.
Fungi can reproduce by spores. Release enzymes in the surrounding to break down organic matter (digestion), and then absorb it into it. Have numerous glycogen granules in its cytoplasm. It also has a proper nucleus
 
H

Heba A.Moety

Messages
110
Reaction score
136
Points
53
princess sofia said:
how are fungi , viruses and bacteria adapted to their envoirnment ?
sme1 plz ans cnt find it in book :sick:
Click to expand...
viruses:
-have a central core of DNA or RNA surrounded by protien coat, they dont have nucleus, cell organelles or cell membrane
-they dont show characteristics of living organisms except reproduction
-can live outside host cell, but can only reproduce inside a living cell
-the cell may be destroyed during reproduction of viruses or the viruses may escape wrapping themselves in peices of host's
cell membraneas they do so . these activities give rise to symptoms of disease.
-viruses may be used as vectors in genetic engineering
-they are parasites and the smallest disease causing particles
-they are particles not cells
-can only be destroyed by body's immune system

Bacteria:
-has cellmembrane, cellwall and cytoplasm containing rhibosomes
-has a circular loop of DNA
-some move by means of flagella
-dont have nuclear envelope thus no true nucleus
-has small rings of DNA called plasmids in the cytoplasm
-bacteria may be: saprophytic(feediing on decaying matter), Parasitic(causing diseases in living org.) or autotrophic( able to manufacture
their food using energy from sun or inorganic compounds "though they dont have chloroplasts instead they have chlorophyll like pigments")
-some are aerobic, some are anaerobic and some are both
-Reproduce by binary fission
-killed by antibiotics
-have cells but without nucleus
-cause diseases, but have helpful roles in carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, making food,in treatment of sewage and in making insulin
-often unicellular
-have cellwall made of murin
-most live in or on food. release enzymes which digest food and then absorb the liq. product of digestion back into the bacterial cell.
-most pathogenic bactreia produce poisonous waste products called toxins


Fungi:
-multicellular
-some are parasits mots are saprotrophs living on dead matter the hyphae secretes enzymes into organic material and digest the liq. products, these
products are then absorbed back into the hyphae and used to provide energy or for production of new cytoplasm or for hyphal walls
-many are not made up of threads but of microscopic threads called hyphae (network of hyphae is called mycelium)
-reproduce by releasing single celled spores
-the hyphae are lined up with cytoplasm ,in older hyphae there is a vacuole and cytoplasm containing organelles and lipid droplets
-there are no chloroplasts or granules of starch in cytoplasm
-the hyphal cell wall may contain cellulose or chitin or both
-have nuclei
-yeast are single celled fungi which reproduce by budding , they live in situations where sugar is likely to be available
-yeast cells contain many enzymes some which can break down sugar into CO2 and alcohol (fermentation, it is a form of anaerobic respiration but if
yeast are supplied with carbohydrates other than sugar they yeast need oxygen to convert carbohydrates to sugar first)

i compiled these notes from different books, so i hope it helped (pray for all of us to get straight A*);)(y)
 
princess sofia

princess sofia

Messages
1,095
Reaction score
899
Points
123
Heba A.Moety said:
viruses:
-have a central core of DNA or RNA surrounded by protien coat, they dont have nucleus, cell organelles or cell membrane
-they dont show characteristics of living organisms except reproduction
-can live outside host cell, but can only reproduce inside a living cell
-the cell may be destroyed during reproduction of viruses or the viruses may escape wrapping themselves in peices of host's
cell membraneas they do so . these activities give rise to symptoms of disease.
-viruses may be used as vectors in genetic engineering
-they are parasites and the smallest disease causing particles
-they are particles not cells
-can only be destroyed by body's immune system

Bacteria:
-has cellmembrane, cellwall and cytoplasm containing rhibosomes
-has a circular loop of DNA
-some move by means of flagella
-dont have nuclear envelope thus no true nucleus
-has small rings of DNA called plasmids in the cytoplasm
-bacteria may be: saprophytic(feediing on decaying matter), Parasitic(causing diseases in living org.) or autotrophic( able to manufacture
their food using energy from sun or inorganic compounds "though they dont have chloroplasts instead they have chlorophyll like pigments")
-some are aerobic, some are anaerobic and some are both
-Reproduce by binary fission
-killed by antibiotics
-have cells but without nucleus
-cause diseases, but have helpful roles in carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, making food,in treatment of sewage and in making insulin
-often unicellular
-have cellwall made of murin
-most live in or on food. release enzymes which digest food and then absorb the liq. product of digestion back into the bacterial cell.
-most pathogenic bactreia produce poisonous waste products called toxins


Fungi:
-multicellular
-some are parasits mots are saprotrophs living on dead matter the hyphae secretes enzymes into organic material and digest the liq. products, these
products are then absorbed back into the hyphae and used to provide energy or for production of new cytoplasm or for hyphal walls
-many are not made up of threads but of microscopic threads called hyphae (network of hyphae is called mycelium)
-reproduce by releasing single celled spores
-the hyphae are lined up with cytoplasm ,in older hyphae there is a vacuole and cytoplasm containing organelles and lipid droplets
-there are no chloroplasts or granules of starch in cytoplasm
-the hyphal cell wall may contain cellulose or chitin or both
-have nuclei
-yeast are single celled fungi which reproduce by budding , they live in situations where sugar is likely to be available
-yeast cells contain many enzymes some which can break down sugar into CO2 and alcohol (fermentation, it is a form of anaerobic respiration but if
yeast are supplied with carbohydrates other than sugar they yeast need oxygen to convert carbohydrates to sugar first)

i compiled these notes from different books, so i hope it helped (pray for all of us to get straight A*);)(y)
Click to expand...
Thnx they helped alot
 
Mimick

Mimick

Messages
314
Reaction score
3,691
Points
253
semsemhosam said:
Assalam-o-Alaikum.
Post your Physics, Chemistry and Biology doubts in here and members, along with me will try their best to help you out. :)
Click to expand...

Salam Alaikum,
I have a simple doubt..plz can someone explain me this. qstn paper is 0610/ 62/ O/N /11 ...Attached pls let me know

I drew the graph however i am confused whether do i have to draw a curve or a line?
The examiner report says u r supposed to draw a line..SO i was wondering how can i draw a line..do i have to connect to the points or make a straigh line (line of best fit)?


PS: i recently learnt that there is a little change in 0610 biology may june 2014 syllabus...one of my frnd said that if we have to draw a line on a graph it should be a straight line or a line that joins the points...Is it true?? I am scared as only a week to go fro examination...I am a private candidate! Thanks

14028125353
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14028125353/ answer


14004909222
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14004909222/ question

14028118823
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14028118823/ examiner report.....



Waiting thanks!
 
Mimick

Mimick

Messages
314
Reaction score
3,691
Points
253
Salam Alaikum,
I have a simple doubt..plz can someone explain me this. qstn paper is 0610/ 62/ O/N /11 ...Attached pls let me know

I drew the graph however i am confused whether do i have to draw a curve or a line?
The examiner report says u r supposed to draw a line..SO i was wondering how can i draw a line..do i have to connect to the points or make a straigh line (line of best fit)?


PS: i recently learnt that there is a little change in 0610 biology may june 2014 syllabus...one of my frnd said that if we have to draw a line on a graph it should be a straight line or a line that joins the points...Is it true?? I am scared as only a week to go fro examination...I am a private candidate! Thanks

14028125353
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14028125353/ answer


14004909222
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14004909222/ question

14028118823
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14028118823/ examiner report.....
princess sofia said:
How r microrganisms used in manufacturing of single cell protein
Click to expand...
 
princess sofia

princess sofia

Messages
1,095
Reaction score
899
Points
123
Mimick said:
Salam Alaikum,
I have a simple doubt..plz can someone explain me this. qstn paper is 0610/ 62/ O/N /11 ...Attached pls let me know

I drew the graph however i am confused whether do i have to draw a curve or a line?
The examiner report says u r supposed to draw a line..SO i was wondering how can i draw a line..do i have to connect to the points or make a straigh line (line of best fit)?


PS: i recently learnt that there is a little change in 0610 biology may june 2014 syllabus...one of my frnd said that if we have to draw a line on a graph it should be a straight line or a line that joins the points...Is it true?? I am scared as only a week to go fro examination...I am a private candidate! Thanks

14028125353
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14028125353/ answer


14004909222
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14004909222/ question

14028118823
https://www.flickr.com/photos/123908450@N02/14028118823/ examiner report.....
Click to expand...
There is nthng like change in sylabus its all the same
 
M

My Name

Messages
4,988
Reaction score
23,955
Points
523
BIOLOGY DOUBT
We have to join all points with a ruler
Can some one post pictures with labels
cuz sometimes wedont the labels for it
in May june 2008 there was a tomatoes] and e had to label it
i labeled on epart as leaf but in ms it as sepal are both right or not!
 
princess sofia

princess sofia

Messages
1,095
Reaction score
899
Points
123
My Name said:
BIOLOGY DOUBT
We have to join all points with a ruler
Can some one post pictures with labels
cuz sometimes wedont the labels for it
in May june 2008 there was a tomatoes] and e had to label it
i labeled on epart as leaf but in ms it as sepal are both right or not!
Click to expand...
no both r nt right , sepal is smethng else
 
You must log in or register to reply here.
Top