Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemistry

[bionology]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

alcohol----> chloroalkanes
1. Use PCL5, By products : POCL3, HCL
2. PCL3, By products : H3PO3
3. SOCL2. By products : S02 + HCL

alcohols----> Bromoalkanes
1. Used red phosphorous 4PBR2
2. Use HBR gas, which is made by the following reaction :
Kbr+H2SO4---> K2SO4 + HBR

alcohols----> Iodoalkanes
red phosphorous with I2, i.e. 4PI3

test for OH group, ( add Pcl5, misty fumes of Hcl produced)

oxidation of alcohols,
Primary alcohols + Secondary alcohols are oxidises. They change the solution colour. with Kmno4 the solution turns from purple to colourless) and from orange to green with K2Cr03

esterification : alcohol+carboxylic acid
needs conc H2SO4 as a catalyst

reduction of ketone/aldehyde needs NABH4 in methanol. Produces alcohol

testing for carbonyl group
add 2,4 DNHP . A yellow/orange ppt is formed

testing between aldehyde and ketone
1. Add tollens reagent ( AgNo3) ----> Aldehyde give silver mirror
2. Fehling solution (Cu+2)----> aldehydes reduces it and a red ppt is formed of Cu2O

cyanohydrin-----> carboxylic acid
need dilute Hcl

ester hydrolysis (acidic)
need dil Hcl

ester hydrolysis (alkali)
add aq. NaOH, sa salt + alcohol made

 

[MagicmanFarhanul]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

guys for halogenoalkane ,use all of them related to phosphorous,it will be easier to remember,
like R-OH+PCL5----------RCL+U DONT NEED THE OTHER PRODUCTS
R-OH+PBR3----------R-BR+---
R-OH+PI3-------------R-I+---
PLUS REFLUX FOR ALL,HOPE IT HELPS ALL OF U GUYS OUT,BEST OF LUCK

 

[farhanandroid]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

but how cud alchohols test be PCl5?? carboxylic acid also react with PCl5...cud u help me out here..

 

[lychee26]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

it's the test for alcohols.

 

[lychee26]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

As far as i know carboxylic acids do not react with PCl5 .. correct me if i am wrong!

 

[xenvox]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

Carboxylic Acids react with PCL5. When etanoic acid reacts with PCL5 under reflux, HCL+POCL3+ethanoyl cloride is formed.

 

[xenvox]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

When ever we have to distinguish between acids and alcohols we use Na2CO3. With carboxylic acids effervecence of CO2 are given off.
I hope That Helped

 

[lychee26]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

Oh okay. thanks!

 

[xenvox]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

When Ever there is heat write heat under reflux. No mark will be deducted and u will stay on the safe side. My chem Teacher Sir Farhan Khan told me.

 

[sweetiepie]

Re: Reagents and conditions for reactions in organic chemist

THANK U...

 

[thunderingthunder]

Re: Reactants and conditions in organic chemistry

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[Henry930821]

Good thread. Bump!

 

[Abhishek gohil]

yo having fun idiots

 

[ball]

thanx