Biology; Chemistry; Physics: Post your doubts here!

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Electricity flows through the easiest and shortest path. Earth wire has the lowest resistance of all wires. Earth wire is connected to container of the light. When a fault develops such as live wire touches the container the current in the live wire is carried by the earth wire. As it has low resistance a lot of current will flow which will be above the rating of the fuse and so fuse will blow.
 
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