HELP ME OUT WID CHEM P2

[mateenyasin1]

WATS the definition of polarization?
and wat makes a molecule polar or non polar?????????????????
why is nitogen unreactive...
explaination on
ENTHALPY CHANGE OF ;
SOLUTION
HYdration

TRENDS OF LATTICE ENTHALPY..........

conditions for CONTACT and habers processes....

 

[mateenyasin1]

wat are CONJUGATE PAIRS???????????

 

[ashhadazam]

i told u about polar non polar..

Nitrogen is unreactive because of its high bond energy,. abt 940KJ

Enthalpy of soultion is the heat given or taken in when one mole of a substance is dissolved in so much solvent that further dilution doesnt result in any change in enthlalpy..
Enthalpy of hydration. : It is the energy given out when one mole of gaseous ion is compleltely hydrated under standard conditions.. .1

 

[mateenyasin1]

thanx

 

[hina]

difference between electronegativities of the constituent elements make a molecule polar or non-polar
in a nitrogen molecule 2 nitrogen atoms are held together by a triple covalent bond which requires a very high activation energy to break it.
enthalpy change of solution: it is the enthalpy chng when one mole of SOLUTE dissolves in a SOLVENT to give an infinitely dilute solution
enthalpy chng of hydraton: enthalpy chng whn one mole of GASEOUS ION dissolves in WATER to give an infinitely dilute solution.
*the difference betwen hydration nd solution is in hydration an ion dissolves in water whereas in solution it can be any solute and anypthr solution.
Lattice enthalpy is not in AS syllabus so wont be askd in p2
contact process: catalyst: V2O5, pressure: 1-2atm, temperature: 400-450degrees
habers process: catalyst: finely divided iron, pressure: 200atm, temperature: 450degrees

 

[beacon_of_light]

wat are CONJUGATE PAIRS???????????

consider the reaction below,
when HCl dissolves in water,

HCl + H2O =====> Cl- + H3O+

according to bronsted lowry theory, an acid donates a proton H+...while a base accepts a proton.
Considering the LHS of the equation,
HCl is an acid and water is a base...

while on the RHS, it is opposite. Hydronium ion is an acid while CL- is a base...
so HCl and Cl- form conjugate acid-base pair....HCl donates a proton Cl- accepts this proton...

and H20 and H3O+ is another conjugate pair...hydronium ion donates a proton and water accepts this proton....

Hope that helps you...

 

[mateenyasin1]

thannx