History Full Length Answers !!!!

[Ruman Wajih]

hello everyone.......

i'll be posting solved past papers questions for pak studies (history) with correct format.
stay tuned and dnt forget to hit LIKE>

 

[Ruman Wajih]

Q : Why were the British able to replace the Mughals as the dominant force in the sub-continent by 1850? [7].

[Military Superiority] : The British were successful in gaining control over India because of their military superiority. They fought a series of bloody wars and defeated a number of strong local rulers like Siraj-ud-Daulah in the battle of Plassy, Tipu Sultan in the battle of Maysure, the Marathas and the Sikhs. They had latest warfare tools, efficient communication for quick deployment of troops and sound financial resources for fighting costly wars in the far-flung areas. They had well-trained army and good planners of war strategies. They were also expert in bribing and conspiring with the key persons like Mir Jafar and Mir Sadiq with the help of whom they defeated their strong rivals in the battlefields.

[Dealing Skills] : The British were very skilled diplomatic experts. They gained the support of a number of local rulers. They were shrewd in purchasing the loyalties of influential Indians. They signed “subsidiary alliances” with local rulers under which the rulers were granted protection by the British troops. In return, they paid the salaries of the soldiers and provided residence to a British advisor. These were lucrative deals and control on the affairs!

[Indian Disunity] : Indians were not united as a single nation. They were divided along religious, linguistic and ethnic lines. Local rulers were interested only to their own territories. Some princely states even supplied troops to the British when they were fighting against their countrymen. It was very easy for the strong British army to conquer them one after the other. Majority of the well-off Indians stayed away from the wars. They were making profits by trading with the English merchants. They were also happy with the infrastructure the British were developing including schools, hospitals, roads, railway networks and irrigation systems.

[Doctrine of Lapse] : The doctrine of lapse, introduced in 1852, was a land-grabbing law. If the ruler of a princely state would pass away without having a direct heir, his kingdom would become property of the British. A number of states were seized under this law.

 

[Ruman Wajih]

Q : Explain Why the Mughal Empire declined following the reign of Aurangzeb. [7]

Ans : Firstly, Aurangzeb's successors fought for succession to the throne which seriously undermined the
military and financial strengths of the empire. Many important personalities who were capable of running
the affairs of the state lost their lives in these wars.

The successors of Aurangzeb were pleasure-loving and did not take serious interests in the affairs of the
empire. They gave all the powers to their ministers and nawabs who governed the state according to their
own interests and wishes. They were extravagant in spite of poor economical conditions. They spent a lot
of money on finest dresses, jewelry and foods. They used to serve a number of dishes in official
invitations.

They gave no attention to the development of modern warfare tools, military training and naval
technology. Due to their weak military position, they could not defend the empire against external
invasions and internal rebellions.

 

[Ruman Wajih]

Q : Why did EIC became involved in the sub continent ? [7].

[Economic Reasons] : There was enormous wealth in the subcontinent. Trade, profit and power were the real motives that East India Company (EIC) was looking at. Indian goods including spices, silk, yarn, cloth, cotton and goods of metalworkers were very demanding in the European markets. British factories needed raw materials while British merchants needed big markets like India to sell their industrial products. Cotton was the main raw material for the textile industries in Britain. EIC made huge profits and the company flourished very rapidly. By 1620, the company operated about 40 ships for trade with India. The company was having a very profitable future in trade with India. Indian soldiers at very cheap wages were available to protect their trade and profits.

[Political Reasons] : East India Company had no political motives at first. It came to India primarily for trade. But the decline of Mughal Empire and the demolition of Maratha Power in 1761 by Ahmad Shah Abdali prepared the gateway for the British to take over India. Lack of a strong central government attracted the British attention for interfering with Indian political affairs. By that time, they had already got the skills of dealing with Indian rulers and merchants. Now they started thinking about establishing British Raj in the subcontinent.

[Regional Influence] : India had strategic position on the globe. It would give regional supremacy to the British and Royal Navy. They would control the sea routes and hence trade with the East. The company also wanted to westernize the Indians. The British believed that western culture is superior and must be spread in the world. They thought themselves the most civilized nation of the world.

 

[Irfan Atique]

Dera Ruman, when quoting someone else's written answers you should give reference and credit to that person coz the answers u posted are written by Hamza Mahmood. This is what I learned back in Chicago State University when I was doing my first P.HD and this is a good honorable thing to do........ its just an advice

Thank you

 

[Tuba noor]

it is gud to add linking sentences at the end of each reason for 7 nd 14 mark qustns in pak studies paper 1 , for e.g "Thus due to this reason mughal empire came into an end" !!!!

 

[Irfan Atique]

How successful was Indian resistance to British attempts to take control of lands in the subcontinent? Explain your answer. [14] (Past paper, June 2002: Q1/c.


Battle of Plassy, 1757
Siraj-ud-Daula defeated and killed, Mir Jafar, Bengal went under British control --->Failure
Battle of Buxar, 1764
Joint forces of Mir Qasim, Shah Alam II and the Nawab of Oudh defeated ---->Failure
First Anglo-Maysore War, 1766
Haider Ali defended his territories ----> Success
Second Anglo-Maysore War (1779-84)
Crushing defeats to Britishh troops by Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan in a number of encounters. Indian territories expanded. ----> Prestigious success
Third Anglo-Maysore War, 1789
Tipu Sultan lost half of his territories, humiliating treaty ---->Failure
Fourth Anglo-Maysore War, 1798-99
Tipu killed by joint forces of British and the Nizam of Hyderabad ---->Failure
Anglo-Marathan Wars
The first Marathan war lasted for about 7 years (1775-82); defeats to British in some encounters, Marathas defeated in the third Anglo-Marathan war decisively in 1818 annexing their territories with the British Empire. ---->Resisted the early invasions but failed in the third war.
Anglo-Sikh Wars
Sikhs fought 2 wars against the British EIC in Punjab in 1840s and lost both. ---->Failure
War of Independence 1857
Uprising in several cities, suppressed within a few months ----->Failure
[Conclusion] Indian resistance to defend their lands was not successful due to their disunity and lack of modern military equipment.

DEAR RUMAN, THIS ANSWER YOU COPY AND PASTED FROM SIR HAMZA'S WEBSITE TRY TO USE YOUR OWN BRAIN.

 

[princess Anu]

provide me sir hamza's website

 

[Irfan Atique]

provide me sir hamza's website

OK ! WHAT WILL I GET

 

[Irfan Atique]

OK ! WHAT WILL I GET

AM LOOKING AT IT RIGHT NOW PRINCESSA....

 

[Irfan Atique]

provide me sir hamza's website

WHAT HAPPENED CAT CAUGHT YOUR TONGUE!

 

[princess Anu]

nothing .

 

[princess Anu]

i wanted more lengthy answers since i m little confused with the pattern.. thats all. no need to use such rude stuff if you dont want to help someone just dont .

 

[Irfan Atique]

nothing .

THAN WHY SHOULD I IF I AINT GETTING ANYTHING..........

 

[Irfan Atique]

THAN WHY SHOULD I IF I AINT GETTING ANYTHING..........

BE PATIENT DEAR THE ANSWER ABOVE IS FROM HIS NOTES N HAMZA ALSO WRITE ANSWERS IN BULLET POINTS WHERE YOU HAVE TO EXPLAIN BY YOUR SELF.....N SORRY I WAS JUST JOCKING

 

[princess Anu]

allright

 

[Irfan Atique]

allright

IF STILL U WANT IL GIVE IT TO YOU

 

[princess Anu]

Only if you are willing to do so.

 

[Irfan Atique]

Only if you are willing to do so.

no problem dear Anu............. http://olevel-answers-cie.blogspot.com/p/guides.html?showComment=1359282938148

 

[Ruman Wajih]

Q : Why was Urdu chosen as the national language of Pakistan ? [7].

At the time of independence Quaid-e-Azam chose Urdu as the natioonal language of the new country . The main reasons for this choice were the language's high status and association with the Pakistan Movement.

One of the reasons that urdu became the national language of Pakistan was its long and golden history. It was widely used in the mughal era and its history dates back to the Delhi Sultanate. It was widely understood by the muslim population as well as the army too. It was a well know language and considered the language for the muslims and had became very popular too. Therefore Urdu's history contributed alot to its selection as the national language

Secondly Urdu was selected for its high status. Urdu had a vast and rich literature and was classed as an important language of the world even before Partition. Some of the most finest and popular poets and writers of the world wrote in Urdu. Amir Khusro was the first one who used this language in his literary works. Many popular and Well Known poets rabnging from about 3 centuries wrote in urdu. Amongst them were Mirza Ghalib , Bahadur Shah Zafar , Mir Taqi Mir , Mir Zauq , Allama Iqbal , Chaudary Rehmat Ali , Faiz Ahmed Faiz and Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to name a few. Sir Syed's school at Aligarh became a centre for the study of this language. The Holy Qur'an had also been translated in Urdu. Urdu novels and Literary works were (and still) are very popular and thus Urdu was considered a language of rich literary tradition.

Perhaps the major reason for Urdu's selection was its long association with the Pakistan Movement and the Road to Independence. Sir Syed was in favour of Urdu and supported it during the highly controversial Hindi - Urdu controversy. Secondly Muslim League's agenda was to save and promote Urdu. Urdu was seen as a uniting force for the whole muslim population and it was considered as a langauge for the muslims for about 300 years. No other provincial or regional language was fit or best enough to become the national language. Quaid saw it to unite the newly independent muslim populationans since Pakistan was a new countryit was pretty much appropriate to pick a language that had played its part in unifying and consolidating the muslims.

Therefore on account of its long history, high status and relation to the road to independence Urdu was rightfully chosen as the national language of Pakistan.