Islamiat p 2 practice

[Ali khaqan]

So I have few questions and I hope that you will help me find their A* answers
1.what are purposes of salat? (10)
2. Use of Hadith in legal thinking? (10)
3 . Enlist categories of jihad(10)

 

[Tayyab Shabbir]

Use of Ahadis (Sunnah) in Legal
Thinking and as a Source of Islamic Law
· Sunnah i.e. the sayings and practices of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), is the second Source
of Islamic law. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) not only conveyed the Divine Message to the
people but also explained them through his actions, and words. The broadest consensus in
Islam is that Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is the fountainhead of the knowledge of
Islamic laws. Indeed, the Prophet (PBUH), through his life and actions, rendered the
Holy Quran easier to understand. The meaning of Quranic verses and their application
have to be understood in the light of his sayings, actions, practices, explanations which
are the second Source of Islamic jurisprudence from which the teachings of Islam are
drawn.
The Nature of its Relationship with the Holy Quran
· As explained above, the Holy Quran generally lays down basic principles and guidelines.
It is a book of law of general principles. These principles were interpreted, explained,
expanded, and given practical shape by the Holy Prophet (PBUH). For example, the
Quranic injunction: “and consult them in the conduct of affairs” does not provide details
as to how Muslims are to conduct their mutual affairs. In the life of the Prophet (PBUH),
we find examples of how he used to consult his companions on matters of the State.
Indeed, the Sunnah of the Prophet (PBUH) is like the magnifying glass passing through
which the light of the Holy Quran shone more brightly.
Historical Dimension
· In the original Islamic Community, the Holy Quran was the only source of law but it did
not provide answers to the rapidly expanding Muslim Empire in the countries of South-
West Asia, Central Asia, and North Africa. As the Muslims encountered a society that
was complex economically, socially and culturally, they had to more frequently look to
the saying and actions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) when answers could not be found in
the Holy Quran. It is because of this that the Sunnah rapidly evolved as the second most
authentic source of Legal Thinking and Islamic law.
Why the Sunnah qualifies as the Primary Source of Islamic Law?
· As a final Messanger of Allah, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) alone is authorized by Allah to
determine the meanings of the Holy Quran, to unfold the deep wisdom of the human
beings and elevate them to the highest pinnacle of morality. The Holy Quran says: “Lo!
We have sent thee (O Muhammad) with the truth, a bringer of glad tidings and a
warner...” (2:119) It is also stated in that: “And we have revealed unto thee
Remembrance that thou mayst explain to mankind that which hath been revealed for
them, and that happily they may reflect….” (16:44)
· The deeds, behaviour, character, and conduct of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) of Islam
furnish a role model for his followers. The Holy Quran says: “Verily in the Messenger of
Allah ye have a good example for him who looketh unto Allah and the Last Day….”
(33:21). It is reported in Al-Bukhari that the Holy Prophet (PBUH) said: “Surely, I was
only sent to complete the most noble character traits.” According to an oft quoted
tradition, when a person asked Hazrat Ayesha about the conduct of the Holy Prophet
(PBUH) many years after his death, she said: “Have you not read the Quran? His conduct
(Khulq) was the Quran.
· “Whatever the Holy Prophet (PBUH) said or did was inspired or revealed, for he
neither said anything or did anything of his own accord. The Holy Quran says: “I
follow only that which is inspired in me from my Lord.” (7:203).
· Obedience to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) has been enjoined upon his followers.
The Holy Quran says:
· “And obey Allah and the Messenger, that ye may find mercy.” (3:132)
· “O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger and those of you who
are in authority; and if ye have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and
the Messenger.” (4:59)
· “We sent no messenger save that he should be obeyed by Allah’s leave….”
(4:64)
· “But nay, by the Lord, they will not believe until they make thee judge of what is
in dispute between them and find within themselves no dislike of that which thou
decidest.” (4:65)
· “Those who obey Allah and His Messenger will be admitted to gardens, with
rivers flowing beneath, to abide therein (for ever) and that will be the Supreme
achievement.” (4:13)
· “Those who annoy Allah and His Messenger – Allah has cursed them in this
world and in the Hereafter, and has prepared for them a humiliating punishment.”
(33:57)
· The Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) sets out comprehensive rules relating to all
aspects of life. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) gave his people a religion, which he himself
scrupulously practiced (and in doing so, provided them with a perfect example to follow).
He founded a state which he administered, led his armies in different encounters, married
and maintained a family. In all these aspects of life, whatever he did and the way he did
became part of the Shariah, and hence a source of Islamic Law and Legal Thinking for us
all, to be followed as such.

 

[Tayyab Shabbir]

· Three types of Jihad:
I) Internal Jihad or elimination of corrupting internal elements.
297
II) Intellectual Jihad or Jihad through knowledge or invitation.
III) Physical Jihad or Jihad through war.
Internal Jihad:
· Life of a religion depends, in the end, on use of force.
· The Holy Prophet (PBUH) said that corrupt elements have existed in the nations of all
prophets and will also appear in his own.
· If these elements are not nipped in the bud, they will sprout their cancer throughout the
Muslim community.
· The Holy Quran tells us to restrain each other from evil deeds and gives examples of
Jews:
“Those of the Children of Israel who went astray were cursed by the tongue of
David, and of Jesus, son of Mary. That was because they rebelled and used to
transgress. They restrained not one another from the wickedness they did.
Verily evil was that they used to do!” – (5:78-79)
“Whosoever of you sees an evil must change it with his hand.” – (Hadis).
“Persuade each other for good acts and dissuade each other from evil deeds.” – (Hadis).
Intellectual Jihad:
· This form of Jihad requires the arguments raised by unbelievers should be answered
thoroughly and the intellectual fronts of Islam should be guarded.
· Example of this is the Makkan period of Muhammad (PBUH)’s life.
“Wage war against the infidels with your wealth, your lives and your speech.” – (Hadis).
“And reason with them in the better way.” – (Hadis)
· In this Jihad, believers are armed with the weapon of intelligence, reason and the truth of
Islam.
· Intellectual struggle for Islam attains level of Jihad when it is maintained against a storm
of opposition.
Physical Jihad:
“And fight in the way of Allah with those who fight against you”. (2:190)
“And wage war on all the idolaters as they waged war on you.” – (9:36).
“The guarding of the frontiers for a day and night is more valuable than a month of fasting and
prayer.” – (Hadis).
· Highest form of Jihad, greatest act of piety and submission to Allah.
· To be waged when:
I) People are kept from worshipping Allah.
II) Spread of the Message of Islam is obstructed.
III) Non-Muslims are harassed or killed.
· When people are kept from worshipping Allah, their lives of this world and of the
Hereafter are destroyed.
“Persecution is worse than slaughter.” – (2:101).
· We are told that had Allah not made His believers wage Jihad for him, people would
have certainly destroyed churches, mosques and cloisters.
· Someone who even provides material for Jihad or looks after a Mujahid’s family is
considered a Mujahid and is granted entry into heaven.
· We are told by Muhammad (PBUH) that usually, a person admitted into heaven would
not go back to earth even if he were given it and all that’s in it. However, a martyr would
like to go back and die for Allah ten times; such is their reward.
Conditions for Physical Jihad:
· Jihad requires that certain conditions must exist, otherwise it cannot be waged:
I) Muslims must be free and independent.
II) They must have a social system of their own.
III) They must have a leader.
· Even defensive war can only be waged under the leadership of an authorized leader.
However, Muslims are allowed self-defense and are not to bow to aggression. A Muslim
who is killed defending his family, himself, his religion and his property is also a martyr.

 

[Tayyab Shabbir]

better find them in this book my notes are from here and i dont understand what do u mean by purpose of salah