Biology P4 random notes

[zeebujha]

Spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria:
Most bacteria reproduce rapidly and thus there is frequent DNA replication. This increases chances for mistakes during DNA replication process (mostly gene mutation) and this is compounded by the lack of gene editing enzymes which can proofread. Some of these mutations can provide resistance to the antibiotics and these mutations can be passed onto a large number of descendants via vertical transmission. In some cases, the mutation for resistance gene can be on plasmid. This gets transferred via horizontal transmission even to different species. This could be by conjugation, transformation or transduction. The bacteria with the resistance gene will be favored by selection and their allele frequency will increase over many generations

why would the bacteria with resistance gene be flavored by selection??

what it means is the resistance allele frequency will increase when the antibiotic to which the gene provides resistance is applied as selection pressure.

 

[mury456]

What if we answer Both question in Biology Paper 4 ?? .any ideas ??

 

[zeebujha]

What if we answer Both question in Biology Paper 4 ?? .any ideas ??

No idea, try it! :lol:

 

[zeebujha]

Viruses commonly used as vectors as they have evolved a way of encapsulating and delivering their genes to human cells in a pathogenic manner
While using virus as vectors, the disease causing gene in the virus is removed and therapeutic gene inserted.
Viruses commonly used: Retroviruses, Adenoviruses