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Not really, because that process i describes happens at one place in a neurone. the nerve impulse actually travels by saltatory conduction: it jumps from the non-myelinated axon to the next non-myelinated axon. What actually increases the speed, other than the myelin sheath is the synapse. the ACh is a neurotransmitter that is sort of like a bridge for the nerve impulse to pass to the next neurone. But nicotine has the same shape as the ACh receptors on the post synaptic neurone so and it doesn't break down easily. therefore, it causes continuous firing of nerve impulses: that's why people drink coffee.. it keeps them alert. So intake of sodium and potassium will not really affect because in the end of the day, the movement of sodium and potassium ions takes place to regulate the resting potential and the action potential. so once the PD across the membrane is +40mV, the sodium voltage gated channels close, so whatever entered has entered and the conc entering will not be affected no matter how much sodium and potassium we consume...So we should take more Sodium and Pottasium in our body to increase the speed...
BUT I DO NOT ENCOURAGE SMOKING AND COFFEE for this reason. Continuous firing of action potentials may result in seizures which is not something pleasant....