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Okay, so the concept here is that for a string or rubber band or any other elastic material that exerts a tension force, the assumption can be made that the tension is the same at any and all points on the string/rubber band. Another thing is that the force of tension on the object due to the rubber band always acts along the rubber band, i.e. acts parallel to the rubber band at the point where the rubber band is connected to the object. This tension always tries to bring the string back to it's original length.
Therefore, the forces on the object try to move the object in such a way that the rubber band is restored to a position where it has less tension, until it eventually reaches a position where it has no tension within itself. In this case, the force of tension cannot be acting from the center of each 50 mm section towards the object, because then that would accelerate the object in the leftwards direction; this will increase the tension in the rubber band, but this cannot happen, otherwise the elastic potential energy stored in the rubber band will be increasing without any external force doing work.
After all this, we can conclude that the tension acts parallel to the rubber band in the forwards direction, i.e. the tension forces on the object will in acting from X towards the center of the line XY, as shown in the attached diagram.
Now, since we know the force magnitudes and directions, we can solve the equations for the motion of the object. Since the force diagram is symmetric about the line passing along the trolley (from X in the direction of P) we can conclude that the net force in the direction from Y to Z is zero. Now, we need to find the force components in the direction along P.
Since tension is 4N throughout the rubber band, we can write:
4cos(theta) + 4cos(theta) = Net forward force
Where theta is the angle between the line of symmetry in the direction of P and the rubber band segments.
Therefore, since we have a classic 3-4-5 triangle here, where
i) the hypotenuse, XY, is 50mm
ii)half the length of YZ, is 40 mm
iii)the other side has length 30 mm by pythagoras's theorem.
Therefore, cos(theta) = (30 mm)/(50 mm) = 3/5
So Net forward force = 8cos(theta) = 8 * 3/5 = 24/5 = 4.8 Newtons = C
Hope this helped!
Good luck for all your exams!
Can you help with this one too? number 31 http://papers.xtremepapers.com/CIE/...and AS Level/Physics (9702)/9702_w08_qp_1.pdf