Pakistan Studies, Islamiyat and Urdu: Post your doubts here!

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please provide answers if anyone can but not from marking scheme

1A) From Qur’an passages you have studied, write about what lessons can be learnt from God’s conversations with Adam and Jesus. [10]
(b) As God’s “representative (khalifa) on Earth”, say how men and women can serve God, giving examples

2(A) Choose two from the following passages and write in detail about the various ways in which the passages describe God and how He is unique: 6.101–103, 42.4–5, 112, 41.37. [10]
(b) In your opinion, why should Muslims try to understand God’s attributes? Give reason(s) for your answer.

3(a)From the Qur’an passages set for special study in the syllabus, describe the ways in which God gave knowledge of Himself to His Messengers. [10]
(b) ‘Undergoing hardships brings a person closer to God.’ Agree or disagree with this statement, giving reasons for your answer.

4(a)The Qur’an teaches Muslims about their relationship with God. Write about this relationship using the passages you have studied. [10]
(b) ‘God gave humankind guidance and teachings.’ Why does the Qur’an lay emphasis on the need to gain knowledge?
 
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‘The low rate of literacy has been the most important problem in education to face successive governments between 1947 and 1988.’ Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer. (14) (m/j 2008)

Someone pls help me with this answer. The marking scheme for it is very confusing so pls dont just copy paste it, elaborate it too. thank you!
 
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So in this question, you have to discuss low litrecy problems AND OTHER PROBLEMS THAT EVERY GOVERNMENT FACED FROM 1947-1988. And in the end, you need to give judgement that which was the most important issue. You can refer to problems that marking scheme suggest and explain them for example refugee issue. Thank you.
 
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Here is the answer of the questions:
Ayub reforms,In order to improve a poor literacy rate, provide better healthcare and control a high
population growth rate, Ayub set up new schools, technical training institutes and medical
institutes and hospitals. Under the new Family Laws, polygamy was discouraged. These had
some degree of success. New medical colleges and hospitals were set up to provide health
care at a larger scale. Steps were taken against hoarding goods and selling them at inflated
prices. The prices of milk and other food items were fixed to stop profiteering that helped
families to live comfortably.
His social reforms were also very popular. He tried to raise the literacy rate by encouraging primary
education, and set up polytechnic institutes to prepare a trained industrial workforce. Though most of t
he benefits of these reforms went to West Pakistan, Ayub was able to deflect criticism be celebrating
the Decade of Development in 1968.
The nationalized schools could not perform better. Due to nationalization of schools,
there was a drop in the standard of education as they were over-burdened and could
not cater to the increased number of students without an increase in the trained staff.
In many places there was a lack of teaching, teacher training and administrative staff.
Primary education was made free and compulsory.
The government had allocated only 13% of the education budget to primary schools.
With such a small amount of funds the desired results could not be achieved.
Improving literacy rate and educational standard is a time taking process. It is not
possible to change the curriculum, trained teachers and develop the educational
infrastructure in a short time. As a result, there was only 1% increase in literacy even
after 5 years.
Most of the rural families were not interested in the formal education or literacy. They
usually preferred to make their children work on the farm and thus share the economic
burden of the family. They could not afford the loss of earnings even if they were
offered free education. Perhaps providing them agricultural education along with
formal education might have been a better option.
In conclusion, it may be say that the low rate of literacy has been the most important problem in
education to face successive governments between 1947 and 1988. Because the people at
that time were not interested in education. They did not want their children to get education because
they think that they will lost their earning in order to help in domestic needs.
 
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Here is the answer of the questions:
Ayub reforms,In order to improve a poor literacy rate, provide better healthcare and control a high
population growth rate, Ayub set up new schools, technical training institutes and medical
institutes and hospitals. Under the new Family Laws, polygamy was discouraged. These had
some degree of success. New medical colleges and hospitals were set up to provide health
care at a larger scale. Steps were taken against hoarding goods and selling them at inflated
prices. The prices of milk and other food items were fixed to stop profiteering that helped
families to live comfortably.
His social reforms were also very popular. He tried to raise the literacy rate by encouraging primary
education, and set up polytechnic institutes to prepare a trained industrial workforce. Though most of t
he benefits of these reforms went to West Pakistan, Ayub was able to deflect criticism be celebrating
the Decade of Development in 1968.
The nationalized schools could not perform better. Due to nationalization of schools,
there was a drop in the standard of education as they were over-burdened and could
not cater to the increased number of students without an increase in the trained staff.
In many places there was a lack of teaching, teacher training and administrative staff.
Primary education was made free and compulsory.
The government had allocated only 13% of the education budget to primary schools.
With such a small amount of funds the desired results could not be achieved.
Improving literacy rate and educational standard is a time taking process. It is not
possible to change the curriculum, trained teachers and develop the educational
infrastructure in a short time. As a result, there was only 1% increase in literacy even
after 5 years.
Most of the rural families were not interested in the formal education or literacy. They
usually preferred to make their children work on the farm and thus share the economic
burden of the family. They could not afford the loss of earnings even if they were
offered free education. Perhaps providing them agricultural education along with
formal education might have been a better option.
In conclusion, it may be say that the low rate of literacy has been the most important problem in
education to face successive governments between 1947 and 1988. Because the people at
that time were not interested in education. They did not want their children to get education because
they think that they will lost their earning in order to help in domestic needs.
thank you so much
 
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Hello can anyone help me with the following question

What problems did Pakistan face due to being nuclear power in 1980 and 1990s
 
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Hello can anyone help me with the following question

What problems did Pakistan face due to being nuclear power in 1980 and 1990s
India conducted nuclear blasts in May 1998. Pakistan, feeling insecure, also conducted nuclear explosions in the last week of May 1998. Though it increased Nawaz Sharif’s popularity at home, Pakistan’s aid from the US and Japan was immediately stopped, and several other countries criticised this action. In order to prevent an economic disaster, Sharif’s government had to raise fuel prices and negotiate bank loans. A state of emergency was
declared, and this became a reason of Nawaz Sharif’s fall from power

hope this can help u:)
 
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India conducted nuclear blasts in May 1998. Pakistan, feeling insecure, also conducted nuclear explosions in the last week of May 1998. Though it increased Nawaz Sharif’s popularity at home, Pakistan’s aid from the US and Japan was immediately stopped, and several other countries criticised this action. In order to prevent an economic disaster, Sharif’s government had to raise fuel prices and negotiate bank loans. A state of emergency was
declared, and this became a reason of Nawaz Sharif’s fall from power

hope this can help u:)
Shouldn't there be a mention of pressler amendment as the mark scheme did mention it
 
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Pakistan had started its nuclear programme in the 1970s but the world powers began
to object to it. Pakistan was pressurized to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
in 1980 but Pakistan subjected its acceptance to India doing the same. Benazir Bhutto
defended Pakistan’s nuclear programme in her speech in the US Congress as she could not
rick disturbed relations with the US. The US had started extending generous military aid to
Pakistan after the Soviet invasion on Afghanistan in December 1979. However, after 1985
this aid was stopped under the Presslar Amendment. Under this the US aid could be given
to a country that the American President declared as a non-nuclear state. By pointing to
Pakistan’s nuclear ambitions, the promised economic aid of $ 4 million was stopped.
The stoppage of the aid adversely affected Pakistan as it had been supporting the US
in its war against the Soviets through the Afghan Mujahideen. Pakistan had paid money to
buy 28 F-16 war planes from the US who suddenly refused to deliver the planes as well as
return the paid money. Pakistan was the third largest recipient of the US aid, and the
promised package was to run until 1993. This led to a significant deterioration of relations
between the two countries, and many economic development projects of Pakistan were
suspended.
In the early 1990s, Pakistan’s importance for the US decreased after the Soviet
withdrawal from Afghanistan and the end of the Cold War. In 1992, the US was about the
declare Pakistan as state sponsor of terrorism and place economic sanctions on it. Pakistan
protested on this by pointing towards India who too had been more ambitious of acquiring
nuclear weapons. It also reminded the US of its support in the 1990 Gulf War but the US
continued to condemn Pakistan’s nuclear ambition. Finally, when Pakistan conducted nuclear
blasts in May 1998, after India had taken the initiative the same month. Pakistan, however,
faced more serious consequences. Many countries stopped economic and military aid to it
including Japan, the US and the UK. This led to Pakistan facing economic difficulties, and the
Sharif government had to declare a financial emergency, take fresh loans and freeze the
foreign currency accounts of several Pakistanis in the local banks
Hello can anyone help me with the following question

What problems did Pakistan face due to being nuclear power in 1980 and 1990s
 
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Hello can anyone help me with the following question

What problems did Pakistan face due to being nuclear power in 1980 and 1990s
Here is the best answer to the point.

ANS:

Pakistan had started its nuclear programme in the 1970s but the world powers began
to object to it. Pakistan was pressurized to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
in 1980 but Pakistan subjected its acceptance to India doing the same. Benazir Bhutto
defended Pakistan’s nuclear programme in her speech in the US Congress as she could not
rick disturbed relations with the US. The US had started extending generous military aid to
Pakistan after the Soviet invasion on Afghanistan in December 1979. However, after 1985
this aid was stopped under the Presslar Amendment. Under this the US aid could be given
to a country that the American President declared as a non-nuclear state. By pointing to
Pakistan’s nuclear ambitions, the promised economic aid of $ 4 million was stopped.
The stoppage of the aid adversely affected Pakistan as it had been supporting the US
in its war against the Soviets through the Afghan Mujahideen. Pakistan had paid money to
buy 28 F-16 war planes from the US who suddenly refused to deliver the planes as well as
return the paid money. Pakistan was the third largest recipient of the US aid, and the
promised package was to run until 1993. This led to a significant deterioration of relations
between the two countries, and many economic development projects of Pakistan were
suspended.
In the early 1990s, Pakistan’s importance for the US decreased after the Soviet
withdrawal from Afghanistan and the end of the Cold War. In 1992, the US was about the
declare Pakistan as state sponsor of terrorism and place economic sanctions on it. Pakistan
protested on this by pointing towards India who too had been more ambitious of acquiring
nuclear weapons. It also reminded the US of its support in the 1990 Gulf War but the US
continued to condemn Pakistan’s nuclear ambition. Finally, when Pakistan conducted nuclear
blasts in May 1998, after India had taken the initiative the same month. Pakistan, however,
faced more serious consequences. Many countries stopped economic and military aid to it
including Japan, the US and the UK. This led to Pakistan facing economic difficulties, and the
Sharif government had to declare a financial emergency, take fresh loans and freeze the
foreign currency accounts of several Pakistanis in the local banks.
 
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one more question, i am yet to start preparation for pak studies... have 2 days left for history paper and two more after that for geo. what should i do now 😬
and if someone could share expected questions?
 
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